The empirical determination of system properties, for example by testing software, is very limited in its informative value. Trustworthiness must already be considered in the system specification and in the system design process. This requires new methods that can be used to incorporate the desired level of trustworthiness into the system specification. These methods must be implementable using procedures that can be automated and executed by machines.
The work on these methods aims to design systems that are trustworthy from the outset ("by design") in the long term. To achieve this, BI relies on formal methods, which involve rigorous mathematical considerations and proofs, rather than empirical procedures such as measurements or tests.
As a general principle, the BI pursues a holistic approach that spans multiple phases of the lifecycle of these systems - from standardization, design and implementation through to deployment and runtime.
As a general principle, BI pursues a holistic approach that covers several phases of the life cycle of these systems - from standardization, design and implementation to deployment and runtime. Our current focus is on methods for the design and implementation of trustworthy systems. Specifically, these are methods for the formal and automatable specification of systems, programming languages and compilers that implement these specifications, and methods for the formal verification of the results generated by the compiler. These topics are dealt with by the groups Trustworthy Data Processing, Verified System Design Automation and Trustworthy Computing.
Sebastian Ertel, Max Kurze, Michael Raitza, On the Potential of Coq as the Platform of Choice for Hardware Design, Coq Workshop, 2024
@inproceedings{
ertelCOQ2024,
title = "On the Potential of Coq as the Platform of Choice for Hardware Design",
author = "Sebastian Ertel, Max Kurze, Michael Raitza",
year = "2024",
booktitle = "Coq Workshop",
url = "https://coq-workshop.gitlab.io/2024/files/EA4.pdf"
}
Muhammad Umar, et. al., A Low-Cost 60 GHz Modular Front-end Design for Channel Sounding, IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology, 2024
@article{
umar_tcpmt,
title = "A Low-Cost 60 GHz Modular Front-end Design for Channel Sounding",
author = "Muhammad Umar, et. al.",
year = "2024",
journal = "IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology",
volume = "11",
author_text = "et. al.",
doi = "10.1109/TCPMT.2024.3353332"
}
Ghazal Bagheri, Ali Khandan Boroujeni, Stefan Köpsell, Machine Learning-Based Vector Quantization for Secret Key Generation in Physical Layer Security, Global Information Infrastructure and Networking Symposium (GIIS'24), 2024
@inproceedings{
BaBoK_2024,
title = "Machine Learning-Based Vector Quantization for Secret Key Generation in Physical Layer Security",
author = "Ghazal Bagheri, Ali Khandan Boroujeni, Stefan Köpsell",
year = "2024",
booktitle = "Global Information Infrastructure and Networking Symposium (GIIS'24)"
}
Ali Khandan Boroujeni, Ghazal Bagheri, Stefan Köpsell, Enhancing Frequency Hopping Security in ISAC Systems: A Physical Layer Security Approach, 4th IEEE International Symposium on Joint Communications & Sensing (JC&S 2024), 2024
@inproceedings{
BoBaK_2024,
title = "Enhancing Frequency Hopping Security in ISAC Systems: A Physical Layer Security Approach",
author = "Ali Khandan Boroujeni, Ghazal Bagheri, Stefan Köpsell",
year = "2024",
booktitle = "4th IEEE International Symposium on Joint Communications & Sensing (JC&S 2024)"
}
Amitha Mayya, Miroslav Mitev, Arsenia Chorti, Gerhard Fettweis, A SKG Security Challenge: Indoor SKG Under an On-The-Shoulder Eavesdropping Attack, IEEE Global Communications Conference, 2023 , Download PDF
Physical layer security (PLS) is seen as the means to enhance physical layer trustworthiness in 6G. This work provides a proof-of-concept for one of the most mature PLS technologies, i.e., secret key generation (SKG) from wireless fading coefficients during the channel’s coherence time. As opposed to other works, where only specific parts of the protocol are typically investigated, here, we implement the full SKG chain in four indoor experimental campaigns. In detail, we consider two legitimate nodes, who use the wireless channel to extract secret keys and a malicious node placed in the immediate vicinity of one of them, who acts as a passive eavesdropper. To estimate the final SKG rate we evaluate the conditional min-entropy by taking into account all information available at the eavesdropper. Finally, we use this paper to announce the first ever physical layer security challenge, mirroring practices in cryptography. We call the community to scrutinize the presented results and try to “break” our SKG implementation. To this end, we provide, i) the full dataset observed by the eavesdroppers, ii) 20 blocks of 16−byte long ciphertexts, encrypted using one-time pad with 20 distilled secret keys, and, iii) all codes and software used in our SKG implementation.
@conference{
Mayya_2023_SKG_Challenge,
title = "A SKG Security Challenge: Indoor SKG Under an On-The-Shoulder Eavesdropping Attack",
author = "Amitha Mayya, Miroslav Mitev, Arsenia Chorti, Gerhard Fettweis",
year = "2023",
booktitle = "IEEE Global Communications Conference",
month = "12"
}
Amitha Mayya, Miroslav Mitev, Arsenia Chorti, Gerhard Fettweis, Effects of Channel Characteristics and Design Parameters on Secret Key Generation Rates, European Conference on Networks and Communications, 2023 , Download PDF
In this work we provide experimental results of a secret key generation (SKG) protocol using filterbanks to obtain observations of a frequency modulation continuous waveform. To distil the channel randomness, our approach relies on exchanging linear complex chirp signals over a large bandwidth, as is customary in radar systems. Our experiments shed light on how the key generation rates depend on both the channel characteristics (line-of-sight (LoS), non-line-of-sight (NLoS), dynamic, static) as well as the choice of system parameters used in the different stages of the protocol. Furthermore, we consider the presence of passive eavesdroppers and evaluate the information leakage.
@conference{
Mayya.202306,
title = "Effects of Channel Characteristics and Design Parameters on Secret Key Generation Rates",
author = "Amitha Mayya, Miroslav Mitev, Arsenia Chorti, Gerhard Fettweis",
year = "2023",
booktitle = "European Conference on Networks and Communications",
month = "06"
}
Miroslav Mitev, Arsenia Chorti, Vincent Poor, Gerhard Fettweis, What Physical Layer Security Can Do for 6G Security, IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology, 2023 , Download PDF
While existing security protocols were designed with a focus on the core network, the enhancement of the security of the B5G access network becomes of critical importance. Despite the strengthening of 5G security protocols with respect to LTE, there are still open issues that have not been fully addressed. This work is articulated around the premise that rethinking the security design bottom up, starting at the physical layer, is not only viable in 6G but importantly, arises as an efficient way to overcome security hurdles in novel use cases, notably massive machine type communications (mMTC), ultra reliable low latency communications (URLLC) and autonomous cyberphysical systems. Unlike existing review papers that treat physical layer security orthogonally to cryptography, we will try to provide a few insights of underlying connections. Discussing many practical issues, we will present a comprehensive review of the state-of the-art in i) secret key generation from shared randomness, ii) the wiretap channels and fundamental limits, iii) authentication of devices using physical unclonable functions (PUFs), localization and multi-factor authentication, and, iv) jamming attacks at the physical layer. We finally conclude with the proposers’ aspirations for the 6G security landscape, in the hyper-connectivity and semantic communications era.
@article{
mitev:2023,
title = "What Physical Layer Security Can Do for 6G Security",
author = "Miroslav Mitev, Arsenia Chorti, Vincent Poor, Gerhard Fettweis",
year = "2023",
journal = "IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology",
month = "02",
volume = "4",
pages = "375 - 388",
doi = "10.1109/OJVT.2023.3245071"
}
Minh Thuy Pham, Miroslav Mitev, Arsenia Chorti, Gerhard Fettweis, Pilot Randomization to Protect MIMO Secret Key Generation Systems Against Injection Attacks, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2023 , Download PDF
In this paper, we investigate the problem of secret key generation under an injection attack, which refers to tampering of pilot signals over the air so that part of the shared randomness observed at the legitimate parties is controlled by the adversary. It has been shown that to launch such an attack, an adversary only needs one extra antenna, compared to the legitimate parties, in a single input single output (SISO) network. In this work, we generalize this result for the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) case. Furthermore, we propose pilot randomization as a means to protect against injection attacks by reducing them to jamming attacks that constitute a less serious threat. Finally, we derive a closed-form expression for the secret key rate of the investigated MIMO setting.
@article{
pham:2023,
title = "Pilot Randomization to Protect MIMO Secret Key Generation Systems Against Injection Attacks",
author = "Minh Thuy Pham, Miroslav Mitev, Arsenia Chorti, Gerhard Fettweis",
year = "2023",
journal = "IEEE Wireless Communications Letters",
month = "04",
pages = "1 - 1",
doi = "{10.1109/LWC.2023.3268714}"
}
Stefano Tomasin, Hongliang Zhang, Arsenia Chorti, Vincent Poor, Challenge-Response Physical Layer Authentication Over Partially Controllable Channels, IEEE Communications Magazine, 2022 , Download PDF
@article{
AC_Comm-Magazine2022,
title = "Challenge-Response Physical Layer Authentication Over Partially Controllable Channels",
author = "Stefano Tomasin, Hongliang Zhang, Arsenia Chorti, Vincent Poor",
year = "2022",
journal = "IEEE Communications Magazine"
}
Miroslav Mitev, André Barreto, Minh Thuy Pham, Maximilian Matthé, Gerhard Fettweis, Filterbank Secret Key Generation Rates in Multipath Channels, IEEE Global Communications Conference (Globecom) 2022, 2022 , Download PDF
@conference{
Mitev_Globecom2022,
title = "Filterbank Secret Key Generation Rates in Multipath Channels",
author = "Miroslav Mitev, André Barreto, Minh Thuy Pham, Maximilian Matthé, Gerhard Fettweis",
year = "2022",
booktitle = "IEEE Global Communications Conference (Globecom) 2022",
publisher = "IEEE"
}
Miroslav Mitev, Arsenia Chorti, Mahdi Shakiba-Herfeh, Martin Reed, Sajjad Baghaee, A Physical Layer, Zero-round-trip-time, Multi-factor Authentication Protocol, IEEE Access, 2022
@article{
Mitev_Access_2022,
title = "A Physical Layer, Zero-round-trip-time, Multi-factor Authentication Protocol",
author = "Miroslav Mitev, Arsenia Chorti, Mahdi Shakiba-Herfeh, Martin Reed, Sajjad Baghaee",
year = "2022",
journal = "IEEE Access"
}
Miroslav Mitev, André Barreto, Minh Thuy Pham, Gerhard Fettweis, Secret Key Generation Rates over Frequency Selective Channels, IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Spring), 2022 , Download PDF
@inproceedings{
Mitev_2022_VTCS,
title = "Secret Key Generation Rates over Frequency Selective Channels",
author = "Miroslav Mitev, André Barreto, Minh Thuy Pham, Gerhard Fettweis",
year = "2022",
booktitle = "IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Spring)",
address = "Helsinki, Finland",
month = "June"
}
Arsenia Chorti, André Barreto, Stefan Köpsell, Marco Zoli, Marwa Chafii, Philippe Sehier, Gerhard Fettweis, Vincent Poor, Context-Aware Security for 6G Wireless: The Role of Physical Layer Security, IEEE Communications Standards Magazine, 2022
@article{
chorti2022_commstd,
title = "Context-Aware Security for 6G Wireless: The Role of Physical Layer Security",
author = "Arsenia Chorti, André Barreto, Stefan Köpsell, Marco Zoli, Marwa Chafii, Philippe Sehier, Gerhard Fettweis, Vincent Poor",
year = "2022",
journal = "IEEE Communications Standards Magazine"
}
Minh Thuy Pham, André Barreto, Miroslav Mitev, Maximilian Matthé, Gerhard Fettweis, Secure Communications in Line-of-Sight Scenarios by Rotation-based Secret Key Generation, IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 2022 , Download PDF
@conference{
Pham2022_ICC,
title = "Secure Communications in Line-of-Sight Scenarios by Rotation-based Secret Key Generation",
author = "Minh Thuy Pham, André Barreto, Miroslav Mitev, Maximilian Matthé, Gerhard Fettweis",
year = "2022",
booktitle = "IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)",
address = "Seoul, South Korea",
month = "MAy"
}
Simone del Prete, Franco Fuschini, Marina Barbirolli, Marco Zoli, André Barreto, A Study on Physical Layer Security Through Ray Tracing Simulations, European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), 2022
@inproceedings{
delPrete_2022_EUCAP,
title = "A Study on Physical Layer Security Through Ray Tracing Simulations",
author = "Simone del Prete, Franco Fuschini, Marina Barbirolli, Marco Zoli, André Barreto",
year = "2022",
booktitle = "European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP)",
address = "Madrid, Spain",
month = "March"
}
Alessandro Santorsola, Marco Zoli, André Barreto, Vincenzo Petruzzelli, Giovanna Calò, Effect of Radio Channel and Antennas on Physical-Layer-Security Key Exchange, IEEE Access, 2021 , Download PDF
@article{
Santorsola20210,
title = "Effect of Radio Channel and Antennas on Physical-Layer-Security Key Exchange",
author = "Alessandro Santorsola, Marco Zoli, André Barreto, Vincenzo Petruzzelli, Giovanna Calò",
year = "2021",
journal = "IEEE Access",
url = "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9628090",
doi = "10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3131616"
}
Miroslav Mitev, Arsenia Chorti, Elena Belmega, Vincent Poor, Protecting physical layer secret key generation from active attacks, MDPI Entropy, 2021
@article{
Mitev_2021_Entropy,
title = "Protecting physical layer secret key generation from active attacks",
author = "Miroslav Mitev, Arsenia Chorti, Elena Belmega, Vincent Poor",
year = "2021",
journal = "MDPI Entropy"
}
Marco Zoli, Miroslav Mitev, André Barreto, Gerhard Fettweis, Estimation of the Secret Key Rate in Wideband Wireless Physical-Layer-Security, International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), 2021 , Download PDF
@inproceedings{
Zoli_2021_ISWCS,
title = "Estimation of the Secret Key Rate in Wideband Wireless Physical-Layer-Security",
author = "Marco Zoli, Miroslav Mitev, André Barreto, Gerhard Fettweis",
year = "2021",
booktitle = "International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS)"
}
Marco Zoli, André Barreto, Gerhard Fettweis, Investigating the eavesdropper attack in physical layer security wireless key generation: a simulation case study, IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Spring), 2021
@conference{
Zoli_2021_vtcs,
title = "Investigating the eavesdropper attack in physical layer security wireless key generation: a simulation case study",
author = "Marco Zoli, André Barreto, Gerhard Fettweis",
year = "2021",
booktitle = "IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Spring)",
address = "Helsinki, Finland",
number = "April"
}
Stephan Escher, Markus Sontowski, Stefan Köpsell, How well can your car be tracked: Analysis of the European C-ITS pseudonym scheme, Proceedings VTC2021-Spring, 2021
@inproceedings{
EsKS_2021,
title = "How well can your car be tracked: Analysis of the European C-ITS pseudonym scheme",
author = "Stephan Escher, Markus Sontowski, Stefan Köpsell",
year = "2021",
booktitle = "Proceedings VTC2021-Spring"
}
Saumya Dwivedi, Marco Zoli, André Barreto, Padmanava Sen, Gerhard Fettweis, Secure Joint Communications and Sensing using Chirp Modulation, 6G Wireless Summit (6G SUMMIT), 2020 , Download PDF
@conference{
Dwivedi_2020_6gsummit,
title = "Secure Joint Communications and Sensing using Chirp Modulation",
author = "Saumya Dwivedi, Marco Zoli, André Barreto, Padmanava Sen, Gerhard Fettweis",
year = "2020",
booktitle = "6G Wireless Summit (6G SUMMIT)",
address = "Levi, Finland",
month = "March",
url = "https://doi.org/10.1109/6GSUMMIT49458.2020.9083884",
doi = "10.1109/6GSUMMIT49458.2020.9083884"
}
Tim Lackorzynski, Gregor Garten, Jan Sönke Huster, Stefan Köpsell, Hermann Härtig, Enabling and Optimizing MACsec for Industrial Environments, Proc. 16th IEEE International Conference on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS), 2020
@inproceedings{
LaGH_2020,
title = "Enabling and Optimizing MACsec for Industrial Environments",
author = "Tim Lackorzynski, Gregor Garten, Jan Sönke Huster, Stefan Köpsell, Hermann Härtig",
year = "2020",
booktitle = "Proc. 16th IEEE International Conference on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)",
publisher = "IEEE",
pages = "1--4",
doi = "10.1109/WFCS47810.2020.9114434",
url = "https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS47810.2020.9114434"
}
Marco Zoli, André Barreto, Stefan Köpsell, Padmanava Sen, Gerhard Fettweis, Physical-Layer-Security Box: a concept for time-frequency channel-reciprocity key generation, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2020 , Download PDF
@article{
Zoli_2020_JWCN,
title = "Physical-Layer-Security Box: a concept for time-frequency channel-reciprocity key generation",
author = "Marco Zoli, André Barreto, Stefan Köpsell, Padmanava Sen, Gerhard Fettweis",
year = "2020",
journal = "EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking",
month = "June",
number = "114",
pages = "24",
url = "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-020-01712-6",
doi = "10.1186/s13638-020-01712-6"
}